Sapphire Windows Optical Glass Customized Size Mohs hardness 9

Short Description:

Sapphire optical windows are high-performance optical components fabricated from synthetic sapphire (α-Al₂O₃ single crystal), combining material excellence with precision engineering. These windows exhibit exceptional hardness (Mohs hardness of 9), thermal stability (-200°C to 2000°C operational range), and chemical inertness, making them ideal for extreme environments. With broad spectral transmission (200nm to 6μm, >85% transmittance) spanning ultraviolet, visible, and mid-infrared spectra, they support applications in quantum communication, UV curing, and hyperspectral imaging. Their ability to withstand radiation, mechanical shock, and corrosive environments positions them as indispensable in aerospace, defense, and medical imaging.

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Features

Technical specification

Category	Parameter	Typical Value / Range
Material Properties	Material Type	Single-crystal α-Alumina (Al₂O₃)
	Transmission Range	0.15μm ~ 5.5μm
	Refractive Index	1.76 @ 589nm
	Thermal Expansion Coefficient	5.3×10⁻⁶/K @ 20°C
	Thermal Conductivity	25~35 W/(m·K)
Dimensional Parameters	Outer Diameter (OD)	1mm ~ 300mm
	Inner Diameter (ID)	0.5mm ~ 250mm
	Wall Thickness	0.3mm ~ 20mm
	Length / Thickness	0.3mm ~ 20mm
	Dimensional Tolerance	±0.1mm (standard), ±0.01mm (high-precision)
	Coaxiality	≤0.05mm (high-precision grade)
	Surface Finish	10/5 (MIL-PRF-13830B)
	Surface Flatness	λ/8 @ 632.8nm
Applications	Laser Systems	High-power laser windows, cavity mirrors
Applications	Infrared Optics	Thermal imaging, missile domes

Key Features

1. 1. 1.Material Superiority
    · Ultra-High Hardness: With a Mohs hardness of 9, sapphire outperforms quartz and plastics, resisting abrasion in industrial sensors and LiDAR optics.
    
    · Broad Spectral Transmission: >85% transmittance from 200nm (UV) to 6μm (mid-IR), enabling multi-spectral applications like UV curing and quantum communication.
    
    · Extreme Environment Resistance: Survives -200°C to 2000°C thermal cycling, pH 1-14 chemical exposure, and radiation doses exceeding 10⁶ Gy.
    
    2.Aspheric Design
    
    · Optical Aberration Correction: Non-spherical, free-form, and elliptical geometries eliminate spherical aberrations, enhancing imaging resolution (e.g., LiDAR beam divergence reduction).
    
    · Complex Integration: Combines infrared windows with heat-dissipation structures for thermal management in high-power laser systems.
    
    3.Functional Coatings
    
    · Anti-Reflective Coatings (AR): Achieve <0.5% reflectivity via e-beam evaporation, boosting efficiency in 400G optical modules.
    
    · Bandpass Filters: Selective transmission (e.g., 940nm IR) for LiDAR and quantum systems.

Applications

1.Optical Communication & Laser Systems

· High-Speed Modules: Used in 400G/800G laser diode packaging (e.g., Huawei QSFP-DD), ensuring low-loss signal transmission.
· Industrial Lasers: Withstand >10kW/cm² power density in CO₂ laser cutting systems (e.g., Trumpf TruDisk lasers).

2.Medical Imaging

· Endoscopes: Corrosion resistance in bodily fluids (e.g., Olympus EVIS LUCERA) for high-definition gastrointestinal diagnostics.
· Infrared Thermography: Enhanced low-light detection in FLIR T1020 systems for electrical inspection.

3.Aerospace & Defense

· Satellite Payloads: Survive -196°C to +120°C thermal extremes in high-resolution Earth observation (e.g., Gaofen-7 satellite).
· Missile Guidance: Infrared windows for target acquisition in high-speed flight (e.g., AIM-120 AMRAAM).

4.Automotive & Industrial Sensing

· LiDAR Systems: Improve detection range in adverse weather (e.g., Velodyne VLP-32C).
· High-Temperature Sensors: Monitor furnaces (>1500°C) and chemical reactors (e.g., Siemens SITRANS LR250).

5.Quantum Technologies

· Single-Photon Detectors: Enable low-noise, high-efficiency quantum communication systems.

Company Services

1.Custom Development

· Complex Geometries: Accept CAD/3D models (STEP/IGES) with ±0.001mm tolerance for non-standard shapes (e.g., spiral heat-dissipation windows).
· Multi-Layer Coatings: Custom AR, bandpass, and dichroic filters (e.g., 98% transmittance at 940nm via ion-beam sputtering).

2.Mass Production

· Automated Manufacturing: 500,000+ units/month with 99.5% yield, supporting 7–15 day prototypes and 30-day bulk orders.
· Quality Assurance: ISO 9001-certified, with third-party validation (surface defects <5μm, transmittance >85%).

3.Technical Support

· Failure Analysis: Resolve coating delamination via optimized annealing (e.g., 850°C thermal cycles).
· Lifetime Warranty: 10-year military-grade support with annual recalibration (e.g., thermal imaging window alignment).

4.Cost Optimization

· Material Innovation: Kyropoulos growth reduces raw material costs by 30%, enabling consumer electronics (e.g., smartphone camera lenses).
· Advanced Polishing: Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) achieves Ra <1nm surface roughness.

5.Global Collaboration

· R&D Partnerships: Collaborate with Tsinghua University on sapphire photonic substrates for LED efficiency enhancement.
· Certifications: RoHS/REACH-compliant, exported to North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific markets.

Conclusion

Sapphire optical windows merge material resilience with design flexibility, setting benchmarks in defense, healthcare, and telecommunications. Engineered from synthetic sapphire (α-Al₂O₃), these windows leverage a Mohs hardness of 9 and thermal stability up to 2053°C to outperform conventional materials in extreme environments. XKH "Material-Process-Service" integrated approach combines precision diamond-turning, ion-beam sputtering, and AI-driven metrology to deliver tailored solutions—from hypersonic missile domes withstanding 2000°C thermal shocks to autoclave-sterilizable endoscopes for medical robotics. By deploying multi-layer DLC coatings and zero-birefringence crystal cuts, we achieve >99% transmittance at 1550nm for telecom systems and sub-nanometer surface roughness for EUV lithography. Certified to MIL-PRF-13830B and ISO 9001, our windows enable breakthroughs in quantum sensing (photon-counting detectors) and space-grade satellite payloads with 15-year radiation hardness. Through rapid prototyping (5-day turnaround) and global supply chain agility, we empower industries to overcome technical barriers, driving innovation in sustainability, miniaturization, and mission-critical reliability worldwide.